Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze the profile of women, in health services, who carry out treatment for smoking cessation.METHODS Systematic review that used the following sources of information: Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus and Web of Science. We included quantitative studies that addressed the characterization of women, in health services, who carried out treatment for smoking cessation, resulting in 12 articles for analysis. The assessment of the methodological quality of the studies was performed using the instrument MAStARI from Joanna Briggs Institute.RESULTS The predominant profile of women who carried out treatment for smoking cessation in health services was composed of white, married, employed, and highly level educated women. Women who carried out the treatment for smoking cessation in specialized services had a more advanced age, were white, were married and had a diagnosis of depression. The quality level of most studies was moderate.CONCLUSIONS The profile of women who carry out treatment for smoking cessation, either in general or specialized health services, is composed of white, married, and highly level educated women. Publications about smoking women are scarce and the lack of Brazilian studies characterizing the profile of women who start treatment for smoking cessation shows the need for studies that explore this subject.
Highlights
In the early 20th century, cigarette use was a habit restricted to the male urban elite, in a small number of countries at the beginning of industrialization
The profile of women who carry out treatment for smoking cessation, either in general or specialized health services, is composed of white, married, and highly level educated women
Its use is the main cause of preventable death among men and women, totalizing approximately six million deaths in the world.a tobacco use among men is higher, it is declining among this group in several countries, while the rate of female smokers is in constant growth.b From 1950 to 2000, about 10 million women died due to tobacco use,[20] and it is estimated that from 2002 to 2030 this number will exceed 40 million.[22]
Summary
In the early 20th century, cigarette use was a habit restricted to the male urban elite, in a small number of countries at the beginning of industrialization. Its use is the main cause of preventable death among men and women, totalizing approximately six million deaths in the world.a tobacco use among men is higher, it is declining among this group in several countries, while the rate of female smokers is in constant growth.b From 1950 to 2000, about 10 million women died due to tobacco use,[20] and it is estimated that from 2002 to 2030 this number will exceed 40 million.[22]. Smoking-related diseases in men and women should be interpreted as a multifaceted phenomenon, considering the complexity of the influences of gender related to tobacco, and the changing social norms that shaped the diversity and the pattern of use.[12] Evidences indicate specific factors related to gender. Studies[27,34,35] point the high risk of several types of cancers in female smokers, bladder and uterus cancer, in addition to increasing the risk of infertility in women
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