Profile Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypoglycemia Events In RSUD Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from January 2019 - March 2021

Abstract

Background: Hypoglycemia is a decrease in blood glucose levels which is the most common side effect of diabetes mellitus due to its treatment and is rarely a concern for patients and health workers. However, because the patient neglects the mild hypoglycemia symptoms, they cannot be immediately identified and treated. Each Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patient with hypoglycemia has a different profile and manifestations. Objective: This study aims to identify the demography, clinical, and laboratory profiles of T2DM patients who experience hypoglycemia in the inpatient unit of RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from January 2019 - March 2021. Material and method: This study is a retrospective descriptive study. Medical record data were collected through total sampling, then processed descriptively, and presented as a frequency distribution table. Results: The samples of this study were 83 T2DM patients with hypoglycemia. The most age group was > 65 years, with 33 (39.8%) patients. The most gender group was female in 55 (66.3%) patients, the most common chief complaint was decreased consciousness in 47 (56.6%) patients, and the most common results of head physical examination were anemic conjunctiva in 43 (51.8%) patients. Extremity examination results 13 (15.7%) patients had wounds, and 10 (12.0%) patients had edema. The results of the random plasma glucose (RPG) examination <40 mg/dl in 62 (74.7%) patients, low Hb in 66 (79.5%) patients, high leukocytes in 47 (56.6%) patients, and high BUN in 52 (62.7%) patients. SK was high in 42 (50.6%) patients, and albumin was low in 56 (67.5%) patients. Conclusion: From this study, T2DM patients with hypoglycemia events were highly female and primarily found in patients over 65 years with severe hypoglycemia. The most common chief complaint was decreased consciousness, and the most common laboratory result was anemia, leukocytosis, high BUN, high SK, and hypoalbuminemia.