Profile of renal diseases in North-East Indian children.

Abstract

The pattern of kidney diseases varies in different places due to differences in genetic status, socioeconomic status, access to health care, and presence of background infection. In spite of nephrology as a specialty since 1970s, there are still limited data regarding the spectrum of renal diseases in India. Our study was conducted in a tertiary care institute and referral center in northeast India. It provides insight into profile of renal diseases in hospitalized children. It is a cross-sectional study conducted in a government medical college in Assam. All children who were admitted in this department during one year period were examined for the presence of renal disease on the basis of history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigation. Of total admission, 7.17% of children had renal diseases. Nephrotic syndrome was the most common renal disease followed by glomerulonephritis in this study. Acute post infectious glomerulonephritis was the most common cause of glomerulonephritis. Septicemia was the most common cause of AKI. We have seen that a huge burden of pediatric morbidity is due to renal diseases. Majority of the renal diseases are curable with proper and adequate treatment. A large pool of renal diseases are still due to infective etiology and thus preventable.