Profile of Edward M. De Robertis

New Members of the Editorial Board and International Advisory Board of <i>Angewandte Chemie</i>

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Current Opinion in Neurology was launched in 1988. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The field of neurology is divided into 14 sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Journal's Editors and Section Editors for this issue. EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Richard FrackowiakRichard FrackowiakRichard Frackowiak is Professor of Neurology and head of the new Department of Clinical Neurosciences at the Université de Lausanne in the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Switzerland. His scientific interest is in human brain imaging with a focus on plasticity and structure-function relationships, especially in relation to neurodegenerative disease and genetic associations of cognition. He was previously Foundation Professor of Cognitive Neurology at University College London (UCL), UK, where he set up the Functional Imaging Laboratory (FIL), as a Wellcome Trust Principal Clinical Research Fellow. He has also directed the Institute of Neurology in Queen Square, UK, and the Department of Cognitive Studies at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris, France. A Fellow of the Academies of Medical Sciences of the UK, France and Belgium, he is also a member of the Academia Europaea and of the Institute of Medicine of the American Academies. He advises the Director-General of INSERM and as honorary professor, the Provost & President of UCL. He is past-President of the British Neuroscience Association and currently presides over the European Brain and Behaviour Society. John MazziottaJohn MazziottaJohn Mazziotta has had a distinguished career of leadership, scientific achievement and service to the neuroscientific community. Scientifically, he has helped transform our understanding of diseases of the nervous system through the use of neuroimaging. These strategies and insights have greatly advanced our basic understanding of disease mechanisms, diagnostic criteria and the manner by which one can track conventional and experimental therapies. His basic science understanding of neuroimaging methods resulted in his having a leadership role in the development of methods that are now used on a global basis for acquiring and analyzing imaging data of the brain. These accomplishments include the development of both probabilistic and statistical mapping methods to analyze functional brain images. He, and others, then used these strategies to advance our understanding of normal brain function and its alteration in disease states. His contributions to the study of normal brain function include some of the first descriptions of the normal unstimulated brain's glucose metabolism in adults as well as the first, and currently only, study of glucose metabolism in the developing brain of children in the first decade of life. He and his University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA, colleagues described the functional systems associated with normal vision (primary visual cortices, human visual motion center and shape analysis sites), auditory function, motor systems as well as brain networks that are critical to human learning and imitative behaviors. These studies of the normal human brain have now culminated in his establishment, as principal investigator, of the International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) involving eight laboratories, in seven countries, on four continents. The goal is to develop the first probabilistic atlas of the human brain including behavioral, demographic, imaging and genetic data from 7,000 subjects. This global effort will define the structural and functional variance of the human brain and will serve as a massive resource for exploring structure-function-genetic relationships in the normal human brain across all ages. When combined with probabilistic atlases of disease states, this system will provide a previously unavailable means for comparing investigations of normal and abnormal brain function, automated diagnoses and a quantitative, objective means of developing imaging biomarkers that will improve the efficacy of experimental clinical trials. Dr Mazziotta has had a leadership role in describing what has now become our understanding of the disruption of normal functional brain networks in a wide range of neurological disorders. These include the first papers describing the sites of altered metabolism or blood flow in the nervous system that occur even when brain structure remains intact. Publications by Dr Mazziotta and his UCLA colleagues describing these new observations have stood the test of time and include such disorders as epilepsy, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, aphasias, movement disorders (tardive dyskinesia, Wilson's and Huntington's disease), migraine and Alzheimer's disease. Of note is the fact that Dr Mazziotta was the first to develop strategies for using both genetic risk profiles (Huntington's disease) and later specific genotypes to demonstrate the pattern of abnormal brain function that preceded clinical disease onset. This has now set the stage and provided the means by which to track and monitor presymptomatic individuals with disorders such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease, both to describe the natural history of the disorders, as well as to provide objective, noninvasive and quantifiable estimates of the efficacy of experimental therapies. Having had a strong leadership role in national societies and organizations as well as university governance, Dr Mazziotta established the first Brain Mapping Center at UCLA that included all of the methods available to study human brain structure and function. He is now the Chair of one of the largest neurology departments in the United States which last year achieved the distinguished position of being first in NIH research funding. As the chair of the Scientific Program Committee for the American Academy of Neurology, Dr Mazziotta transformed the program, invigorated its presentations and integrated basic and clinical neuroscience. This format and his innovations remain in place years after his influence began. As Editor-In-Chief of the journal NeuroImage, he and his co-editors took this fledgling publication to a position that dominates the field, with an impact factor that has been as high as nine in recent years. Adept at organizing and managing large national and international groups, he has been instrumental in organizing large symposia, consortia and task forces that have advanced both clinical and basic neuroscience. Since beginning this work, Dr Mazziotta has published more than 243 research papers and eight texts. He has received numerous awards and honors, including the Oldendorf Award from the American Society of Neuroimaging, the S. Weir Mitchell Award, the Wartenberg Prize of the American Academy of Neurology, the Von Hevesy Prize from the International Society of Nuclear Medicine, and the 1996 Medical Science Award from the UCLA Medical Alumni Association. Dr Mazziotta has been President and a founding member of the Institute for Clinical PET (positron emission tomography), the past chair of the Scientific Issues and Program Committee of the American Academy of Neurology, the past-President of the American Neuroimaging Society and the President of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping. Dr Mazziotta was elected to the prestigious Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences and the Royal College of Physicians. SECTION EDITORS Ralph L. SaccoRalph L. SaccoRalph L. Sacco has several positions at the Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, USA. This includes the Chairman of Neurology, Olemberg Family Chair in Neurological Disorders, Miller Professor of Neurology, Public Health & Epidemiology, Neurosurgery and Human Genetics; and Executive Director of the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute at the Miller School of Medicine. Finally, Dr Sacco is the Chief of the Neurology Service at the Jackson Memorial Hospital, USA. A graduate of Cornell University, USA and a cum laude graduate of Boston University School of Medicine, USA, he also holds a master's in epidemiology from Columbia University, School of Public Health, USA. Dr Sacco completed his neurology residency training and postdoctoral training in stroke and epidemiology at Columbia Presbyterian in New York, USA. He was previously Professor of Neurology, Chief of the Stroke and Critical Care Division, and Associate Chairman at Columbia University before taking his current position as Chairman of Neurology at the University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, USA. Principal Investigator of the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) and the Family Study of Carotid Atherosclerosis and Stroke Risk, as well as co-investigator of multiple other NIH grants, Dr Sacco has published extensively with nearly 400 peer-reviewed articles in the areas of stroke prevention, treatment, epidemiology, risk factors, human genetics, and stroke recurrence. He has been the recipient of numerous awards including, the Feinberg Award for Excellence in Clinical Stroke, the Chairman's Award from the American Heart Association, the NINDS Javits Award in Neuroscience, and the Wartenberg Lecture from the American Academy of Neurology. Dr Sacco is a fellow of both the Stroke and Epidemiology Councils of the American Heart Association and a former Board of Directors member of the American Academy of Neurology. He is a member of the American Association of Physicians and the American Neurological Association. He was the first neurologist to serve as President of the American Heart Association, from 2010 to 2011. Tatjana RundekTatjana RundekDr Tatjana Rundek is a Professor of Neurology, Vice Chair of Clinical Research, and a Director of Clinical Translational Research Division in the Department of Neurology of the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA. Dr Rundek is a stroke neurologist, clinical researcher and principal investigator of several large longitudinal NIH funded projects on genetic determinants of carotid atherosclerosis and stroke epidemiology. Dr Rundek was the Fulbright Scholar and the recipient of the research awards from the Hazel K. Goddess and the Dr Gilbert Baum Fund and the American Institute in Ultrasound in Medicine for best clinical application of ultrasound. Her current research work is directed toward the genetic and environmental determinants of atherosclerosis, stroke, and use of ultrasound for early detection, intervention and prevention of functional and structural changes of arterial wall in inflammation. Dr Rundek serves on the editorial boards of several professional journals including Stroke, Neurology and Cerebrovascular Diseases. She is a member of the American Heart Association, American Academy of Neurology, and American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. She is currently President of the Neurosonology Community Practice of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, the largest professional medical ultrasound institution in the US. François-Xavier BorruatFrançois-Xavier BorruatFrançois-Xavier Borruat graduated from Lausanne Medical School, Switzerland, in 1980. He completed a two-year research fellowship at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, USA, with Prof. S. G. Jacobson (Retinitis Pigmentosa Center) and obtained his MD thesis in 1990. Residency in ophthalmology was performed in Lausanne at the Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules-Gonin, Switzerland, where he worked later as Chief-Resident. François-Xavier Borruat pursued a clinical fellowship at The Institute of Neurology, The National Hospital, London, UK, with Prof. W. I. McDonald and Dr M. D. Sanders in 1991, and at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami with Prof. J. S. Glaser and Prof. N. J. Schatz in 1992. He was appointed as faculty member at the Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules-Gonin, Lausanne in 1994, where he has served since as the head of the Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit and Director of Resident Education. He received the academic titles of Privat-Docent (PD) in 2002 and Professeur Titulaire in 2012. He is an active member of several international societies, including the American Academy of Ophthalmology, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, European Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, British Islands Neuro-Ophthalmology Club, and the Club de Neuro-Ophtalmologie Francophone. His work is mostly clinical with more than 100 publications in the field of neuro-ophthalmology and retinal disorders. Michael StruppMichael StruppMichael Strupp has been Professor of Neurology at the University of Munich, Germany, since 2003 and at the German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (IFBLMU) since its inception in 2009. He studied medicine at the Technical University of Aachen, Germany, where he did his MD in the field of cardiophysiology. He then spent three years doing basic neuroscience research involving patch-clamp recordings with axons, muscle cells, glial cells and vestibular hair cells at the Department of Neurophysiology at the University of Munich, at Baylor College, Houston, USA, and at the Université de Montpellier, France. Prof. Strupp's particular areas of interest are the diagnosis and the therapy of vestibular, ocular motor and cerebellar disorders. He is one of the leading experts in this field, in which he has also developed a new therapeutic principle: the use of aminopyridines for the treatment of downbeat and upbeat nystagmus as well as episodic ataxia type 2 and cerebellar gait disorders. He is currently Joint-Chief-Editor of the Journal of Neurology and Editor-in-Chief of Frontiers in Neuro-Otology. He has received many clinical and scientific awards, including a “best teacher” award from the German Neurological Society, and has been a visiting professor at the University of Graz, Austria, and the University of Prague, Czech Republic. He is the author of more than 250 peer-reviewed papers and four text books on vertigo, dizziness and ocular motor disorders.

Stephen G. Young

Editorial introductions.

Donald Bers.

Eli Sercarz

About the Authors

Heart and Brain Pericytes Exhibit a Pro-Fibrotic Response After Vascular Injury.

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Authors

Psycho-Oncology Psycho-Oncology 23: 713–715 (2014) Published online 6 February 2014 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI: 10.1002/pon.3487 Clinical Correspondence Quantitative electroencephalography biomarkers of cognitive complaints after adjuvant therapy in breast cancer survivors: a pilot study Aimee M. Hunter 1,2 , Lorna Kwan 3 , Linda M. Ercoli 1 , Barbara Kahn Mills 3 , Ian A. Cook 1,2 , Patricia A. Ganz 3,4,5 and Andrew F. Leuchter 1,2 Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Laboratory of Brain, Behavior, and Pharmacology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA *Correspondence to: Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 760 Westwood Plaza, Rm 57-455, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA. E-mail: amhunter@ucla.edu Received: 19 December 2013 Accepted: 30 December 2013 Dear Editor, for BCS with cognitive complaints [6] and the UCLA mind body study (MBS)—a prospective study of early stage, posttreatment breast cancer patients [1]. All patients had been treated for stage 0, I, II, or IIIA breast cancer and were on no active cancer therapy other than possible endocrine therapy. For CRS, patients had to have increased cognitive complaints to enter the rehabilitation intervention trial, and for MBS, there were no selection criteria other than the exclusion of health conditions that would interfere with the assessment of study outcomes. Across protocols, exclusions were evi- dence of current or past central nervous system or medical disorder/disease that might be expected to impact cognitive functioning (e.g., multiple sclerosis, thyroid dysfunction); history of head trauma with loss of consciousness greater than 30 min; epilepsy, dementia, or severe learning disability; current mood, anxiety, or psychotic disorder, or current substance abuse or dependence; and history of whole-brain irradiation or brain surgery. These same criteria were applied during recruitment to the secondary, qEEG study. Participants were treated in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Experimental procedures were approved by the UCLA Institutional Review Board, and all participants provided written informed consent. Cognitive complaints are pervasive among breast cancer survivors (BCS), yet their biology is not well understood. Complaints are only partly reflected in neuropsychological test performance [1]. Moreover, their etiology is likely mul- tifactorial; such complaints have been linked not only to ad- juvant therapies (‘chemobrain’ phenomenon) but also to the development of cancer itself [2]. In fact, biologic processes including DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and shortened telomeres have been shown to underlie both can- cer progression and the impact of cancer treatments; further, these same processes are related to aging and cognitive de- cline [3]. Models of aging therefore have been proposed as a framework for studying cognitive dysfunction in BCS [4]. Resting-state quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) offers an indicator of brain function that has been related to aging and cognitive function [5]. Changes in the resting- state EEG have been linked to cognitive decline in normal aging and to cognitive deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease. An overarching pattern is one of the shifts in EEG power from higher (beta and alpha) to lower (theta and delta) frequencies with decreased cognitive status. Physiologic tests such as qEEG constitute a reproducible objective measure that could complement performance measures. In this vein, we explored resting- state qEEG measures as correlates of cognitive complaints in a cross-section of well-characterized BCS. Methods Participants and recruitment Participants were recruited from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) cognitive rehabilitation study (CRS) Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Clinical assessments Participants completed the Patient’s Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory (PAOFI) at the time of the EEG assessment. This 33-item self-report questionnaire has been used previously in studies of cognitive complaints in BCS [7]. The PAOFI assesses the frequency with which an individual experiences difficulties in four functional domains: memory (MEM), higher-level cognition (HLC), language and communication (LC), and motor sensory

Emotions coordinate our behavior and physiological states during survival-salient events and pleasurable interactions. Even though we are often consciously aware of our current emotional state, such as anger or happiness, the mechanisms giving ...Emotions are often felt in the body, and somatosensory feedback has been proposed to trigger conscious emotional experiences. Here we reveal maps of bodily sensations associated with different emotions using a unique topographical self-report method. In ...

Understanding the Multidimensional Nature of Illness Severity as Measured by Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

The Roth Net at 40 years: celebrating the spirit of innovation