Abstract
In recent decades, with the development of the pathogenesis of Acute severe pancreatitis (SAP) and the improvement of clinical treatment techniques, the mortality rate of SAP is still over 10% . Recent studies have shown that immune dysregulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AP, especially in SAP. A meta-study points to widespread concern for the discovery of immunosuppression by networked cytokines in the course of AP. In the early stages of AP, high cytokine levels play a leading role in the development of SIRS pathological conditions, which result in a cascade of inflammatory cytokines that induce the release of immunocompetent cells, leading to an excessive immune response. In the later stages of Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS), the body over-releases anti-inflammatory agents and has an immunosuppressive process, but contributes to the development of the risk of secondary infection and increases the likelihood of Multiple organ disfunction syndrome (MODS). The study was aimed to measure T-lymphocyte immune function changes of patients with acute pancreatitis and to explore BISAP scoring system in clinical applications.
Highlights
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease
Practical Application: CD4+CD25+CD127+Treg probably plays an immunosuppressive role by promoting the secretion of IL-4
Clinical studies have shown that the cellular immune function of the host body decreases when AP occurs, and the number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio are declined in the peripheral blood of patients, thereby leading to severe infection in the advanced stage (Pietruczuk et al, 2006)
Summary
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disease. With the global economic level and dietary structure changes, high-sugar and high-fat diets greatly increase the incidence of AP (Zheng et al, 2021).Metabolic risk factors such as obesity and hyperlipidemia are independent risk factors for the occurrence of various complications of AP.Hyperglycemia plays an important role in the development of AP (Nagy et al, 2021). Anti-inflammation cytokines and specific cytokine inhibitors are interlocked, which probably overreacts, inhibits the immune system and increases the risk of systemic infection. During the CARS stage, the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes is significantly decreased, and the levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are decreased to maintain the immune response. T lymphocytes play a central role in the specific immune function of the host body. Clinical studies have shown that the cellular immune function of the host body decreases when AP occurs, and the number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+T cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio are declined in the peripheral blood of patients, thereby leading to severe infection in the advanced stage (Pietruczuk et al, 2006)
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