Profil épidémiologique, clinique et thérapeutique du lichen plan en dermatologie au CHU de Treichville

Abstract

Contexte and objective. Knowledge of lichen plan on black skin is limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical and therapeutic patterns of lichen planus on black skin. Methods. A retrospective descriptive study collated the records of patients seen in consultation for lichen, at the dermatology department of Treichville University Hospital (Abidjan), between January 2014 and December 2018. Results. Out of 39603 patients seen in the department, 260 had lichen planus, i.e. a hospital frequency of 0.6%. Their mean age was 37.5 years with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.7. Stress was encountered in 1.5%. Skin involvement predominated (89.8%) and mainly concerned limbs (64.9%). Other locations were mucous membranes (5.5%), scalp (2.8%), folds and nails (0.9% each). Biopsy was performed in 8 cases (3.1%). Comorbidities were diabetes (2 cases), hypertension (1 case), and HIV/viral hepatitis B co-infection (2 cases). Corticosteroid therapy was the main treatment (99.6%). Conclusion Lichen planus is predominantly found in young women. The disease is essentially cutaneous and systemic corticosteroid therapy is the most common treatment. Received: March 17th, 2021 Accepted: July 6th, 2021