Abstract
Analogy reasoning is the process of thinking logically and analytically in drawing conclusions based on the similarities between the two things being compared. The purpose of this study is to describe the analogy reasoning of students in solving mathematical problems in terms of high, medium, and low mathematical abilities. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out in class IX-H of SMP Negeri 5 Surabaya in the 2019/2020 school year by 33 students and each subject was selected for each category of mathematical ability. The results of the analysis of Problem Solving Tests and interviews show that students with high, medium, and low mathematical abilities mention information that is known and what is asked for logical reasons on the source and target problem, and explain the relations between the information. This indicates that each subject has an encoding process. Each subject also mentions and explains the concepts used to solve source problems, which means each subject has an inferring process. The difference is, subjects with high mathematical ability mention the same concepts between the source problem and the target problem and explain the concepts used to solve the target problem, then students can complete the target problem. This means that the subject is doing two other processes, namely mapping and applying. Subjects with medium mathematical abilities are mentioning the same concept between the source problem and the target problem but cannot explain the concept used in the target problem. However, the subject only did one of the two indicators in the mapping process, so the analogy reasoning process carried out by the subject was encoding and inferring. While students with low mathematical abilities are stopped in the encoding and inferring processes. Keywords: Analogy Reasoning, Mathematical Abilitiy
Highlights
PENDAHULUAN Penalaran merupakan hal yang penting dalam pembelajaran matematika khususnya dalam pemahaman konsep dan pemecahan masalah
The purpose of this study is to describe the analogy reasoning of students in solving mathematical problems in terms of high, medium, and low mathematical abilities
Search in Analogical Reasoning 11th Annual Conference of Cognitive Society
Summary
Penalaran analogi adalah proses berpikir logis dan analitis dalam pengambilan kesimpulan berdasarkan persamaan antara dua hal yang dibandingkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan penalaran analogi siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika ditinjau dari kemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 1 subjek dengan kemampuan matematika tinggi, 1 subjek dengan kemampuan matematika sedang, dan 1 subjek dengan kemampuan matematika rendah yang dipilih dari 33 siswa kelas IX-H SMP Negeri 5 Surabaya. Hasil analisis Tes Pemecahan Masalah dan wawancara menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah melakukan proses encoding dibuktikan dengan menyebut dan menjelaskan informasi antara soal sumber dan soal target dengan alasan yang logis. Subjek dengan kemampuan matematika tinggi melakukan dua prose pelanaran lainnya yaitu mapping dan applying. Subjek dengan kemampuan matematika sedang hanya melakukan satu dari dua indikator pada proses mapping maka proses penalaran analogi yang dilakukan subjek tersebut yaitu encoding dan inferring. Sedangkan siswa dengan kemampuan matematika rendah terhenti pada proses encoding dan inferring
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