Abstract
Aiming to evaluate the influence of the phosphate fertilization on the sweet potato (Rainha Branca) yield and its starch substance, a trial was carried out from February to July 2003 in a Quartz psamment soil, at the Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments with doses of P2O5 (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1), in four replications. The highest sweet potato roots yields, total and commercial, due to the levels of P2O5, were 23.5 and 18.9 t ha-1, and they were reached with 259 and 231 kg ha-1 of P2O5, respectively, while the economical level to the commercial roots yield was 194 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The economical level included more than 80% of the highest yield and its occurrence indicates the economical viability of phosphorus application on the sweet potato cultivation. The P2O5 level which promoted the maximum commercial roots yield and economical yield is correlated, respectively, with 23 and 20 mg dm-3 of available P by Melich 1 extractor. The level of 293 kg ha-1 of P2O5 brought about the maximum starch substance (15.7%) in the commercial roots of sweet potato.
Highlights
A batata-doce é uma hortaliça de importância social, econômica e alimentar, principalmente para as regiões mais pobres do planeta, onde se constitui uma das mais importantes fontes de alimento
A batata-doce é bastante eficiente na absorção do fósforo, porém, devido à deficiência comum dos solos brasileiros nesse nutriente, é necessário aplicar maiores quantidades do elemento na forma prontamente disponível e em época adequada (Embrapa, 1995)
Em solos com baixa disponibilidade desse nutriente, Souza (1990), Mendonça e Peixoto (1991) e Bezerra et al (1994) obtiveram incrementos na produção de raízes comerciais na batata-doce em função do emprego de P2O5
Summary
Na batata-doce, o fósforo pode influenciar a acumulação de amido nas raízes e melhorar em características importantes como tamanho, teor de açúcar, textura e propriedades para o armazenamento (Chaves e Pereira, 1985; Monteiro et al, 1997). O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a influência da adubação fosfatada sobre o rendimento e sobre o teor de amido nas raízes da batata-doce.
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