Productivity of Superintensive Apple-Tree Orchards Depending on the Variety, the Training and Pruning of Trees

Abstract

Productivity of apple tree superintensive orchards depends on variety’s biological features, apple tree leading and pruning system. The investigations were made in the orchard „Codru-ST” Ltd. founded in 2000 with bench-graftings on rootstock M 9 at the varieties Gala Must, Golden Reinders, Idared and Florina. The distance of plantation between rows is 4.0 m, and between trees in the row is 1.0 m. There was studied the productivity of varieties in dependence on crown formation variants. It was established that the varieties Gala Must, Golden Reinders and Idared, the highest productivity of fruits was obtained in the variants with minimalization of pruning’s degree at crown formation and design of 2 provisional branches horizontalized through fixation on row direction – 30.38-35.69 t/ha. For the variety Florina the highest indexes of production were registered by pruning’s of transfer at lateral ramifications – 27.06 t/ha.