Abstract
Long-term reform of the agricultural sector in Ukraine is taking place under difficult economic and natural conditions. In modern agriculture, the most relevant ones are biologized measures and technologies for growing crops and resource- and energy-economic restoration of soil fertility. Studies of the impact of the system of basic tillage and the use of straw bio-decomposers and postharvest residues in organic farming were conducted in the most common and typical for the southern region of the steppe of Ukraine short- rotation crop cultivation with the following alternation of crops: peas – winter wheat – winter barley – ½ sunflower fields + ½ corn fields. During the years of the first cultivation, the experiment showed the advantages of a system of differentiated tillage, where even without the use of bio-decomposers, the highest yield of cereals was obtained – 3.64 tons/ha and sunflower – 2.20 tons/ha (check experiment). The application of the planar-free system combined with multi-depth and especially planar-free shallow soil processing, main tillage caused a decrease in grain yields by 0.11-0.39 tons/ha and sunflower by 0.28-0.42 tons/ha, respectively. With the use of bio-decomposers provided by brands Ecostern and Cellulad, yields’ growth is in the range of 0.13-0.25 t/ha or 4.5-8.7% for cereals and 0.10-0.23 t/ha or 5.4-12.4% for sunflower. The application of the Ecostern bio-decomposer 1.5 l/ha provided an increase in the yield from 1 ha of crop rotation area of grain, fodder, fodder-protein units and digestible protein on average in all systems of basic tillage by 4.7, respectively; 4.5; 4.3 and 5.4%, and with the introduction of Cellulad 2.0 l/ha, these figures increased by 9.5, respectively; 8.9; 8.6 and 10.8% compared to options without the introduction of bio-decomposers
Highlights
At the current stage of development of Ukraine, as a country with a strong agro-industrial complex aimed at integration into the European Community, increasing the production of agricultural products is impossible without improving the agricultural sector
Without the use of straw bio-decomposers in the differential system of basic tillage, the aver-age crop capacity of cereals was – 3.64 t/ha, which exceeded the options with planar-free multi-depth and planar-free shallow tillage, respectively, 0.11-0.39 t/ha (LSD05 A=0.03-0.06), or 3.0-10.7%
The same pattern was observed for the influence of basic tillage systems on the productivity of oilseeds – sunflower, where the yield of seeds according to the system of differentiated tillage without the use of bio-decomposers – 2.20 t/ha, which is 0.28-0.42t/ha (LSD05 А=0.03-0.08), or by 12.719.1% more in comparison with variants with the system of planar-free different depth and planar-free shallow tillage
Summary
At the current stage of development of Ukraine, as a country with a strong agro-industrial complex aimed at integration into the European Community, increasing the production of agricultural products is impossible without improving the agricultural sector. Due to the rotation of crops with different biological properties, better conditions are created for the growth and development of plants and increase in the collection of ecologically clean products of organic farming. As well as the use of optimal fertilization and tillage system significantly affect crop productivity in general: grain and oilseed yields from 1 ha of crop rotation area, yield of grain, fodder, feed-protein units and digestible protein from 1 ha of arable land. The research envisages: to establish the influence of different systems of basic tillage and application of bio-decomposers of straw Ecostern 1.5 l/ha and Cellulad 2 l/ha in short-rotation crop rotation on the yield of individual crops and overall crop rotation productivity in organic farming of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
