Abstract
Studies to identify the effectiveness of bioagents and adaptogenic preparations on plantings of potatoes of the Vineta variety were carried out on gray forest medium loam granulometric composition of the soil of the Zemlyaki farm in the Nizhnekamsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan. Field experiments were carried out in 2019 by employees of the Department of Plant Growing and Horticulture of Kazan State Agrarian University. The humus content in the arable layer of soil according to Tyurin is 3.35 %, pH is 5.7, easily hydrolyzable nitrogen is 112 mg/kg of soil, mobile phosphorus is 156 mg/kg, exchange potassium is 136 mg/kg of soil, molybdenum is 0.07, copper is 0.52, boron – 0.7, zinc – 4.82 mg/kg. The paper presents the results of studies on the effect of the preparation RECB-95B obtained on the basis of bacteria Bacillus subtilus, RECB-44 – Pseudomonas fluorescens, RECB-50B – Bacillus sp. and RECB-74B — derived from the fungus Trichoderma viride for antagonistic activity against pathogens. Based on the results of our preliminary studies, we selected these preparations for preplant treatment of tubers and vegetative plants. It was found that the most effective option for planting potatoes was the treatment of tubers before planting with the strain RECB-50B (2 l/t) + adaptogen in combination with three times spraying during the growing season RECB-95B, RECB-4B, RECB-50B using them together with adaptogen. Our data show that the mass of tubers does not always correspond to the number of stems and tubers, however, in variants 7 and 8 with a high mass of tubers, a larger number of stems and tubers per bush was noted. Less nitrates 73 mg/kg contained tubers from the variant when used for processing tubers of strain RECB – 50 B (2 l/t) and triple treatment of plants during the growing season with bioagents RECB – 95 B (0.5 l/ha), RECB – 44 B (0.5 l/ha), RECB – 50 B (1.0 l/ha). The use of these drugs in conjunction with the adaptogen led to an increase in the number of nitrates in the tubers. A higher starch content in tubers of 13.02 and 13.01 % was observed when treating the tubers of the drug Maxim (0.2 l/t) and strain RECB – 50 B (2 l/t) and triple treatment of plants during the growing season with bioagents RECB – 95 B (0.5 l/ha ), RECB – 44 B (0.5 l/ha), RECB – 50 B (1.0 l/ha). In the dry matter, the starch content was higher when the tubers were treated with rhizoplan and amounted to 63.38 %.
Highlights
Potato harvest is formed during photosynthesis, meaning in the process of absorbing light and transforming its energy into the chemical potential of energy-rich organic compounds in the form of carbohydrates, fats, proteins
Based on the data obtained, several researchers note that the optimal leaf area is 30-40 thousand m2/ha, at which the proportion of absorbed solar energy increases significantly
In the works of other researchers, the best results were obtained with leaf areas of 50 and more than thousand m2/ha
Summary
Potato harvest is formed during photosynthesis, meaning in the process of absorbing light and transforming its energy into the chemical potential of energy-rich organic compounds in the form of carbohydrates, fats, proteins. The productivity of potato plants largely depends on photosynthetic activity This includes many indicators and the dynamic ratio of leaf area, the duration of their life, the intensity of the photosynthesis process itself. It has been established that biological preparations increase plant resistance to adverse environmental factors and various fungal diseases Along with this leads to increased crop yields [3,4,5]. In this regard, in the laboratory of the Kazan State Agrarian University, innovative research and production studies of biological preparations are developed and carried out, which will raise the potato industry to a higher level
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