Abstract
Abstract Due to the increasing national and international demand, the cultivation of açaí palm trees (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) has expanded to upland areas in Brazil. Most of these areas present low natural soil fertility, in which boron (B) is one of the most limiting nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the productivity of fresh fruits of fertigated açaí trees submitted to doses of B. The study was carried out in Tomé-Açu, northeastern Pará, Brazil. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four treatments: control and addition of 20, 40 and 60 g of B clump-1. After 17 months, bunches of fresh fruits were collected and the production per hectare was estimated. An economic analysis was carried out considering the costs of fertilization and fruit production. The productivities obtained in the treatments were considered above the average of the municipality of Tomé-Açu. The estimated content of leaf B that provided the highest productivity was 14.9 mg kg-1, for a yield of 5479 kg ha-1 year-1¸ while the critical content corresponded to 13.2 mg kg-1. The highest productivity of fresh açaí fruits was achieved with the dose of 20 g of B clump-1, which provided a net gain of 42%.
Highlights
The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a species of palm tree native to the Brazilian Amazon
The fruit became a staple food in floodplain areas, which can be consumed in natura and/or juices, in addition to being a source of raw material for the heart of palm industry (ARAUJO et al, 2016)
This study aimed to evaluate the productivity and mineral nutrition of açaí palm trees submitted to doses of B in fertigated cultivation
Summary
The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a species of palm tree native to the Brazilian Amazon. In the state of Pará, açaí trees are cultivated mainly in Yellow Latosol of low natural fertility, which makes the proper management of fertilization essential to achieve high productivity. Studies carried out in the state of Pará revealed a nutrient requirement by açaí plants as follows: N > K > S > Ca > Mg > P > Mn > Zn > B > Cu (ARAUJO et al, 2016). In northeastern Pará, the cultivation of açaí on dry land has increased over the years. Nutrients such as manganese (Mg), calcium (Ca) and boron (B) have shown a high frequency of deficiency in areas where fertigation is carried out (RIBEIRO, 2017)
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