Abstract

A model is developed in which the output of one traded sector (e.g., high-tech) is produced using consultants who supply differentiated skilled services. An external economy is shown to exist which in turn implies (a) the suboptimal supply of skilled specialists, (b) multiple equilibria, and (c) disadvantages for small and / or late developing economies. Although the results indicate a positive role for subsidies, the model emphasizes the need to subsidize the use, not training, of skilled specialists. The latter policy subsidizes foreigners through emigration. Production, commerce international, et migration dans un contexte ou' laforce de travail est qualifieze et differenciee. L'auteur developpe un modele dans lequel la production dans un secteur ofu les biens sont transiges internationalement (haute technologie) requiert l'usage de consultants qui fournissent des services qualifies et differencies. On montre l'existence d'economies externes qui font que (a) il y a offre sous-optimale d'experts qualifies, (b) des equilibres multiples existent, et (c) les petites economies ou celles qui se sont developpees tardivement sont desavantagees. Bien que les resultats indiquent que les subventions peuvent jouer un role positif, le modele suggere qu'il faut subventionner l'utilisation et non pas la formation de specialistes qualifies. Cette derniere politique subventionne les etrangers via la migration.

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