Abstract
Using a current-current correlation function (CF), the photon polarization tensor is calculated for a rotating hot and dense QCD medium. The spectral function (SF) and the dilepton rate (DR) are estimated therefrom. Numerical results show that both SF and DR are enhanced in a rotating medium, especially in a low invariant mass region. SF and DR are also explored in the consequences of the interplay among the angular velocity, temperature and chemical potential. We also estimated the electromagnetic screening by calculating the Debye mass and it shows a suppression for a rotating QCD medium. The most interesting observation is the azimuthal anisotropy of the dilepton production, i.e, the elliptic flow $v_{2}$ of the lepton pair induced by the rotation as an external field. The competition between the centrifugal effect and the spin polarization effect due to rotation results in a convex down behaviour of the elliptic flow as a function of the transverse momentum in a relatively large magnitude of angular velocity. It is noticed that quark spin polarization induces a negative $v_2$ in the case of large angular velocity.
Highlights
It is expected that the deconfined state of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) can be created through heavy-ion collisions (HIC) [1,2]
The increase of the strength in the spectral function (SF) for nonzero values of angular velocities will have an impact on the calculation of the dilepton rate, which is discussed in the subsection
In noncentral HICs, the consideration of rotation in different quantum chromodynamics (QCD) related phenomena becomes crucial, and large vorticity becomes inevitable for the study of a hot and dense QGP created in such collisions
Summary
It is expected that the deconfined state of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) can be created through heavy-ion collisions (HIC) [1,2]. One natural consideration is that the large photon v2 or anisotropy might be induced by a large magnitude of magnetic field or rapid vorticity, which will polarize the medium and enhance the anisotropy of the system It has been investigated how the magnetic field will affect the photon elliptic flow v2 in [36,37], in this paper, we would like to investigate the effect of rotation on dilepton rate (DR). In Au þ Au collisions at SNN 1⁄4 200 GeV, dielectron azimuthal anisotropy at midrapidity was investigated by STAR collaboration [59] It is still a lack of extensive theoretical analysis on the ellipticity of lepton pairs induced by external fields, such as strong magnetic field and vorticity, .
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