Abstract
Lipases are a versatile class of enzymes owing to their ability to perform a specific range of biotransformations. Bacteria for lipase production were cultured on nutrient agar (NA) plates and identified using Gram Stain and biochemical tests. Screening for lipase producers was performed on NA media supplemented with 3% olive oil at 37 ℃. Seven bacteria were isolated and identified as Bacillus megaterium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Micrococcus luteus. Lipase production was carried using standard methods and the best lipase producer was purified and characterized. The lipase enzyme from K. pneumoniae had a yield of 18.8% and was purified 26.3 fold. The optimum pH for the partially purified lipase was determined to be 8 with maximum activity at 30 ℃. The lipase enzyme had affinity for substrates in the following order, olive oil > groundnut oil > palm oil and the activity of the enzyme was enhanced by metal ions in the following order, MgCl<sub>2</sub> > CaCl<sub>2</sub> > KCl whereas inhibitory effects were observed in the following order, CoCl<sub>2</sub> > HgCl<sub>2</sub> > CuSO<sub>4</sub> > FeCl<sub>3</sub>. The lipase enzyme had V<sub>max</sub> of 0.0006 U/Sec, K<sub>m</sub> of 0.4960 mM and K<sub>cat</sub> of 0.0125 S<sup>-1</sup>.
Highlights
Lipases, classified as triacylglycerol acylhydrolase (EC 3.1. 1.3) belong to the family of hydrolases which act on carboxylic ester bonds
Lipase-catalyzed processes generally offer cost-effectiveness as against the traditional downstream processing having the problems of energy consumption and toxic by-products [1]
Microbial enzymes are considered more useful than enzymes of plant and animal derivatives due to their stability, selectivity, and broad substrate specificity [3,4], versatility of molecular structure, the great variety of catalytic activities they possess, the high yields possible, ease of genetic manipulation, regular supply due to absence of seasonal fluctuations, rapid growth of microorganisms
Summary
Lipases, classified as triacylglycerol acylhydrolase (EC 3.1. 1.3) belong to the family of hydrolases which act on carboxylic ester bonds. 1.3) belong to the family of hydrolases which act on carboxylic ester bonds Their physiological role is to hydrolyze triglycerides to diglycerides monoglycerides, fatty acids and glycerol [1]. They constitute one of the most important group of biocatalyst for biotechnological applications [2]. International Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics 8(2): 30-39, 2020 on an inexpensive media and low waste production [5]. They are safer and have the possibility of use in continuous operation, ease of recovery and reuse, cost benefit and low required downstream processing [6]. Lipolytic enzymes secreted into culture medium by the various fungi and bacteria have attracted substantial attention as a result of their biotechnological potentials [7]
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