Abstract
Production and emission of methane from submerged paddy soil was studied in laboratory rice cultures and in Italian paddy fields. Up to 80% of the CH 4 produced in the paddy soil did not reach the atmosphere but was apparently oxidized in the rhizosphere. CH 4 emission through the rice plants was inhibited by an atmosphere of pure O 2 but was stimulated by an atmosphere of pure N 2 or an atmosphere containing 5% acetylene. Gas bubbles taken from the submerged soil contained up to 60% CH 4, but only < 1% CH 4 after the bubbles had passed the soil-water interface or had entered the intercellular gas space system of the rice plants. CH 4 oxidation activities were detected in the oxic surface layer of the submerged paddy soil. Flooding the paddy soil with water containing > 0.15% sea salt (0.01% sulfate) resulted in a strong inhibition of the rates of methanogenesis and a decrease in the rates of CH 4 emission. This result explains the observation of relatively low CH 4 emission rates in rice paddy areas flooded with brackish water.
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