Production of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) by Microorganisms: An Overview.

Liudmila A Averianova,Liudmila A Tekutyeva,Larissa A Balabanova,Oksana M Son,Anna B Podvolotskaya

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.570828

Abstract

Riboflavin is a crucial micronutrient that is a precursor to coenzymes flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, and it is required for biochemical reactions in all living cells. For decades, one of the most important applications of riboflavin has been its global use as an animal and human nutritional supplement. Being well-informed of the latest research on riboflavin production via the fermentation process is necessary for the development of new and improved microbial strains using biotechnology and metabolic engineering techniques to increase vitamin B2 yield. In this review, we describe well-known industrial microbial producers, namely, Ashbya gossypii, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida spp. and summarize their biosynthetic pathway optimizations through genetic and metabolic engineering, combined with random chemical mutagenesis and rational medium components to increase riboflavin production.

Highlights

TO RIBOFLAVINVitamins are complex organic compounds required in trace amounts for normal functions of an organism
Riboflavin performs its biochemical function as a precursor for the coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which are mostly involved in redox reactions of all organisms
Activation of the purine pathway by: (1) Overexpression of the threonine aldolase GLY1 gene for the formation of glycine from threonine as an early precursor required for purine synthesis; growth on 1% yeast extract, 1% glucose supplemented with 50 mM threonine

Summary

Introduction

TO RIBOFLAVINVitamins are complex organic compounds required in trace amounts for normal functions of an organism. We describe well-known industrial microbial producers, namely, Ashbya gossypii, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida spp. and summarize their biosynthetic pathway optimizations through genetic and metabolic engineering, combined with random chemical mutagenesis and rational medium components to increase riboflavin production.

Results

Conclusion