Abstract
2, 5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an important bio-monomer that can potentially replace terephthalic acid to synthesize degradable polyesters. Efficient selective oxidation of biomass-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to FDCA has been a significant but challenging work in the past decades. In this study, a novel molybdenum-vanadium oxide (Mo-V-O) catalyst was prepared by a simple method and showed excellent catalytic activity for converting HMF to FDCA. A high FDCA selectivity of 94.5 and 98.2% conversion of HMF were achieved under the optimal conditions with tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant. FT-IR, SEM, XRD and TG were applied to investigate the properties of Mo-V-O catalyst. After fitting experimental data with the first-order kinetics equation, the evaluated apparent activation energies of HMF oxidation were obtained. The experimental design and study were carried out by response surface methodology (RSM) to test the effects of reaction conditions on the catalytic process.
Highlights
Owing to the exhaustion of fossil resources and the aggravation of environmental problems, many efforts have been made to exploit sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives (Gao et al, 2018; Pal and Saravanamurugan, 2020)
furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), which is derived from the successive oxidation of HMF, is a substitute for petroleum-derived terephthalic acid, which can be employed in the preparation of polyethylene furanoate (PEF) to alleviate the shortage of resources and relieve environmental stress (Tirsoaga et al, 2020)
Strong peaks at 995, 871, and 574 cm−1 can be seen in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra, which could be associated with MoO3, wherein the peak at 943 cm−1 arises from Mo-O-V, thereby confirming the formation of molybdenum-vanadium oxide (Mo-V-O) (Guan et al, 2008)
Summary
Owing to the exhaustion of fossil resources and the aggravation of environmental problems, many efforts have been made to exploit sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives (Gao et al, 2018; Pal and Saravanamurugan, 2020). The exploitation of biomass represents a significant step towards the goal of sustainable development of natural resources (Lin et al, 2021). Through their depolymerization, biopolymers derived from biomass can be further converted into high-value-added platform chemical compounds for use in subsequent applications. (Navarro et al, 2009; Rodikova and Zhizhina, 2020) In this context, Zhao et al synthesized a catalyst based on vanadium dioxide (VO2)-embedded mesoporous carbon spheres (V-CS) using a facile hydrothermal method, which produced DFF in a yield of 99.0% (Zhao et al, 2018). We report the development of a simple and feasible method for preparing a catalyst for the oxidation of HMF to FDCA in the absence of base. A series of characterization methods are applied to investigate the catalyst, and a kinetic study and response surface methodology (RSM) are carried out
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