Abstract
Hibridization is one of breeding strategy to increase productivity of crop including physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.). This study aimed to obtain information productivity per hectare and seed oil content of 11 numbers of physic nut hybrids and their parental in four dry lands. The research was conducted in four dry land: Kalipare-Malang, Oro-oro Pule-Kejayan Pasuruan, Kedung Pengaron-Pasuruan and Jorongan-Leces Probolinggo. The materials used in this research are the eleven result numbers of physic nut hybrids, they are SP38XHS49, SP8XHS49, SP8XSP16, SP8XSP38, SP33XHS49, SM35XHS49, SM35XSP38, IP1AXHS49, IP1AXSP38, IP1PXHS 49, IP1PXSP38, and their parental, they are HS49, SP16, SP38, SP8, SP33, SM35, IP1A, IP1P, IP3P. Observation was done during the plants’ generative phase, on the second harvest. The results showed that SP38XHS49 hybrid on Kedung Pengaron, produces the highest seeds dry weight per hectare (1170 kg/ha) with 62.33 gram of dry weight of 100 seeds and the oil content is 32.56%. The highest average of dry seed productions from all planting sites achieved on the crossing between SP38XHS49 (658.75 kg/hectare) and followed by SP8XHS49 (607.5 kg/hectare). If the comparison of the four locations, the highest average productivity of physic nut achieved on location Jorongan, Leces, Probolinggo. In general, the data proves that the hybrid result from the crossing shows the higher production level compare to their parental. The dry weight of 100 seeds produced ranged from 54.03 grams to 68.29 grams. Of all four planting sites, it shows that the highest 100 seeds dry weight achieved by the crossing between IP1P-XHS49 which is 64.63 grams. The seed oil content ranged from 27.04 to 35.24 percent. The highest average of seed oil content achieved by the crossing between SM35XSP38 (32.035%).
Highlights
Indonesia as a tropical country, has the potential of natural resources
It is followed by the crossing between SP8XHS49 which is produced in Kedung Pengaron site, Pasuruan (1110 kg/hectare)
Of all crossing in general, the planting in JoronganLeces, Probolinggo land produced the highest average of physic nut seeds dry weight, which is 562.25 kg/hectare
Summary
Indonesia as a tropical country, has the potential of natural resources. Biofuel is one of biomass energy in the liquid form, such as biodiesel, bioethanol and biooil. Biofuels are fuels from biological sources (renewable energy). In Indonesia there are 49 types of plants that can be used as an energy source. Some of the plant as a potential biodiesel is oil palm, coconut, jatropha, cotton and canola. In addition to the potential for producing bioenergy, some commodities, such as oil palm, coconut, cotton, cassava, sugar cane, and sago, is a source of commodities for food and feed. Development of food commodities as a source of bioenergy feedstock because it is considered unethical to compete with food and feed ingredients. In addition to developed areas dry and marginal lands. Potential dry land region of eastern Indonesia area ±20 million ha. To make jatropha as an either-scale farming households and small
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