Abstract
The study discusses a case study of cradle to gate life cycle assessment for the production of Crude P alm Oil (CPO) with methane avoidance at palm oil mill. The improved milling process enables total utilizat ion of the oil palm fruit to produce alow oil palm base d food source. The minimal modification in the mill includes cleaning of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) and obtaining the low oil food source from the aqueous stream. The oil palm fruit processing plant enables the significant reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) such as methane and carbon dioxide emissions by avoiding the formation of liquid biomass in the form of Pal m Oil Mill Effluent (POME). The attributional Life Cy cle Assessment (LCA) shows the improved milling process contributes to significant reduction of GHG emission from palm oil mills as compared to the process of capturing biogas from POME. The palm based food source contains phytonutrients, namely carotenoids, tocols (tocopherol and tocotrienols) a nd water soluble polyphenols.
Highlights
IntroductionFor year 2012, based on the palm oil production of close to 19 million metric ton in Malaysia, The Malaysian oil palm industry is a key pillar in the national economy and this sector is pivotal in addressing rural poverty and employment generation
The results of this study showed that the improved milling process enabled the total utilization of palm fruit and reduced the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission from the production of Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
The approach of methane avoidance by preventing the formation of liquid biomass in the form of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) had been found to contribute to significant reduction of climate change impact category using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study
Summary
For year 2012, based on the palm oil production of close to 19 million metric ton in Malaysia, The Malaysian oil palm industry is a key pillar in the national economy and this sector is pivotal in addressing rural poverty and employment generation. Most palm oil mills in Malaysia adopt the ponding system for anaerobic digestion which produces 28 m3 of biogas for 1 m3 of POME treated. The Government of Malaysia imposes the regulatory palm oil produced, about 3.35 metric ton of POME is standards for POME as stipulated in the Environmental. POME discharged from the mills must meet among others, the BOD requirement of less than 100 ppm. Most palm oil mills were not able to meet the regulatory requirements due to the limitations of technological advancement in treatment of POME. There is an urgent need to prevent the generation of POME instead of allowing its generation and subjecting to subsequent treatment
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