Production of nuclei and hypernuclei in relativistic ion reactions

Abstract

We study the production of small nuclei, nuclei of intermediate mass, and hypernuclei in relativistic nuclear reactions by using dynamical and statistical models. We propose a novel mechanism responsible for the formation of complex nuclei from nucleons and hyperons produced in collisions: In this reaction the excited clusters consisting of baryons can stochastically be formed at a low sub-nuclear density after the dynamical expansion of the nuclear matter. One can describe the nucleation process within such clusters with the statistical models. We suggest the hybrid approach allowing for the consistent description of the experimental data measured in central collisions, which was not possible with other theoretical methods. The important consequence of this novel mechanism is the correlations of the produced nuclear species. The energy limits for describing the fragmentation and nucleation processes in excited finite nuclear systems with statistical models are also obtained.