Abstract
Solid-state fermentation requires the development of more efficient cultivation systems for its industrial application. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of aeration regime on the production of biomass and several lignocellulolytic enzymes (laccase, manganese peroxidase, endoxylanase, β-glucosidase, and total cellulases) by Trametes versicolor in a novel fixed-bed solid-state pilot-scale bioreactor. Three regimes were assessed: natural convection, low aeration level (10 min every 6 h at 10 L/h air flowrate), and high aeration level (1 h every 6 h at 10 L/h air flowrate). The mushroom was grown on a medium based on lignocellulosic residues. The design of the bioreactor, as well as the control of aeration, humidity, and temperature of the beds, allowed T. versicolor to grow properly on the medium, reaching a maximum biomass production of 204.7 mg/g dry solid (ds). The influence that aeration regime had on the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes was determined. Low level of forced aeration favored obtaining the highest titers of laccase (6.37 U/g ds) compared to natural convection and high aeration level. The greatest lignin degradation was also verified for low aeration regime. For the first time, pilot scale cultivation of T. versicolor was reported in a fixed-bed bioreactor.
Highlights
Lignocellulolytic enzymes play a crucial role in the biodegradation of plant fibers making up lignocellulosic biomass.They have important applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biofuel industries
It should be noted that the purpose of T. versicolor cultivation in bags is the production of its fruiting be noted that the purpose of T. versicolor cultivation in bags is the production of its fruiting bodies, while the objective of the culture in the bioreactor was to obtain lignocellulolytic bodies, while the objective of the culture in the bioreactor was to obtain lignocellulolytic enzymes
T. versicolor conducted at pilot-scale level (30 kg) where the effect of the aeration regime on the synthesis, of LAC and manganese peroxidase (MnP) and on the activity of endoxylanase, βglucosidase, and total cellulases, in a fixed-bed bioreactor with humidity and temperature control was evaluated
Summary
Lignocellulolytic enzymes (cellulases, hemicellulases, and lignin-modifying enzymes) play a crucial role in the biodegradation of plant fibers making up lignocellulosic biomass. They have important applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biofuel industries. Cellulases and hemicellulases allow the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose forming different sugars that can be converted by fermentation into products, such as ethanol, lactic acid, and butanol [1]. Lignin-modifying enzymes can be used in the degradation of substances containing aromatic rings, such as various pesticide types, and phenolic compounds, like chlorophenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as pharmaceutical products and industrial dyes [2]. Lignocellulolytic enzymes improve the degradation of forage materials, adding nutritional value to the animal diet [3]. The digestibility of plant residues for ruminants is increased via delignification with fungal ligninases [4,5]
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