Abstract
The present study was conducted to screen a laccase-producing fungal endophyte, optimize fermentation conditions, and evaluate the decolorization ability of the laccase. A new fungal endophyte capable of laccase-producing was firstly isolated from pigeon pea and identified as Myrothecium verrucaria based on a ITS-rRNA sequences analysis. Meanwhile, various fermentation parameters on the laccase production were optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal fermentation conditions were a fermentation time of five days, temperature 30 °C and pH 6.22. Laccase activity reached 16.52 ± 0.18 U/mL under the above conditions. Furthermore, the laccase showed effective decolorization capability toward synthetic dyes (Congo red, Methyl orange, Methyl red, and Crystal violet) in the presence of the redox mediator ABTS, with more than 70% of dyes decolorizing after 24 h of incubation. Additionally, the activity of laccase was relatively stable with pH (4.5–6.5) and a temperature range of 35–55 °C. Therefore, the high laccase production of the strain and the new fungal laccase could provide a promising alterative approach for industrial and environmental applications.
Highlights
Synthetic dyes have been widely utilized in many industries, such as paper, textiles, printing, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
The same phenomenon was found in some fungal laccase producers such as Trichoderma harzianum [21], Paraconiothyrium variabile [24], Trametes sp
We inferred that the fungal endophyte may produce laccase or other oxidases such as peroxidases and bilirubin oxidase
Summary
Synthetic dyes have been widely utilized in many industries, such as paper, textiles, printing, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals This results in the generation of large amounts of highly polluted effluents [1,2]. Several physicochemical methods were reported to remove dyes from waste water These methods suffer from a number of limitations such as high cost, low efficiency, and production of large amounts of toxic sludge, aromatic amines, and secondary waste [4,5]. The laccase production generally requires a long fermentation time [23] These performances limit their large-scale commercial and industrial applications. Exploitation of novel potential laccase producers with shorter fermentation time and higher enzyme activity is necessary to remove synthetic dyes. MR was chosen as the model dye for investigating the effects of pH, temperature, and ABTS concentration on the decolorization ability of the laccase
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