Production of fungal enzymes in Macaúba coconut and enzymatic degradation of textile dye

Abstract

Abstract The reduction of environmental pollutants has been important for the sustainability (environmental, economic, and social) of the manufacturing companies. The agro-industry annually produces tons of vegetable residues that is discarded in the environment. Textile industries have a high rate of dye discharges in water resources. Fungal enzymes produced in plant residues can degrade recalcitrant organic compounds. Thus, the aim of the study was the production, purification, characterization, and use of dye discoloration of enzymes produced by Pleurotus ostreatus (PLO 02 and PLO 06) and Pleurotus eryngii (PLE 05) in Macauba coconut (Acrocomia aculeate) residue. The initial time of colonization of the substrate was of 18 (P. eryngii) and 22 days (P. ostreratus). After this period, 50 g of substrate were collected every five days to evaluate the enzymatic activity before and after the purification in sephadex G-100 column. All fungal strains had activity of laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), xylanase, cellulase, and lipase in crude protein extract. The enzymes kept the activities from 4 to 60 °C for about 16 h and these activities were higher in acidic than alkaline pH. Furthermore, the enzymes of P. eryngii degraded about 100% of Carmine indigo dye after 24 h of incubation. Therefore, the Macauba coconut residue is a good substrate for the enzyme production and these enzymes have high degradation capacity of the indigo dye.