Abstract
Polyglycerol fatty acid monoesters are used widely as food emulsifiers, and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has various physiological activities. Hence, production of polyglycerol CLA monoester was attempted through a lipase-catalyzed reaction. A commercially available free fatty acid mixture (referred to as FFA-CLA) containing 9cis,11trans (9c,11t)-CLA and 10t,12c-CLA was used as a source of CLA, and its esterification with diglycerol was studied. Screening of several lipases showed that Penicillium camembertii lipase was suitable for production of diglycerol fatty acid monoesters (DGFAMEs). When a mixture of FFA-CLA/diglycerol (1:2, mol/mol), 100 U/g-mixture of the lipase, and 2% water was agitated at 30 °C for 24 h with dehydration at 5 mm Hg using a vacuum pump, the degree of esterification reached 93%, and the ratio of DGFAMEs/diglycerol fatty acid diesters was 1.9:1 (wt/wt). The synthesized DGFAMEs were purified to 97% in a 69% yield by short-path distillation. This process comprising lipase-catalyzed esterification and short-path distillation may be effective for industrial production of an emulsifier for use in nutraceutical applications.
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