Abstract
In this study olive biomass was pyrolysis in a 400 cm3 stainless steel reactor. It was externally heated by an electrical furnace in which the temperature is measured by a thermocouple inserted into the bed. The effect of the catalyst ratio to the biomass (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and 40%) on the pyrolysis yield was investigated and compared with the uncatalyzed pyrolysis yield product. The bio-oil products yield from the pyrolysis process was found to increase as the catalyst ratio increased. The bio-oil yield from the olive oil-cake, which was 36.1% without the catalyst, reached the maximum value of 39.3% on using activated catalyst at 10% by weight. The gas products yield was found to increase upon using catalyst compared to the non-catalytic pyrolysis. The reduction in the bio-oil yield product was accompanied with a significant reduction in the oxygen content. The pyrolysis oil was examined using chromatographic analysis techniques. The chemical characterization showed that the bio-oil obtained from olive oil cake might be potentially valuable as a fuel and chemical feedstock.
Highlights
Energy demand in the world continues to increase with the increase in population and economic development
Olive oil-cake (OC), which is a waste of olive oil-mill, is an important biomass generated in Mediterranean countries
The biomass sample was pyrolysis to determine the effect of catalyst ratio (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and 40%) on the pyrolysis yield
Summary
Energy demand in the world continues to increase with the increase in population and economic development. The use of OC is of high interest, since these countries have economies largely based on agriculture and forestry The use of these materials will depend on the state of the art of safe and economic technologies able to transform them into manageable products [7] [8]. In this way, thermochemical biomass conversion processes such as pyrolysis, gasification and liquefaction are the most appropriate [9]. Pyrolysis offers efficient utilization of OC, which is of particular importance for agricultural countries with vastly available biomass by-products [11].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
