Abstract
The Sun is a well-studied astrophysical source of axion-like particles (ALPs), produced mainly through the Primakoff process. Moreover, in the Sun there exist large-scale magnetic fields that catalyze an additional ALP production via a coherent conversion of thermal photons. We study this contribution to the solar ALP emissivity, typically neglected in previous investigations. Furthermore, we discuss additional bounds on the ALP-photon coupling from energy-loss arguments, and the detection perspectives of this new ALP flux at future helioscope and dark matter experiments.
Highlights
Axionlike particles (ALPs) are ultralight pseudoscalar bosons a with a two-photon vertex aγγ, predicted by several extensions of the Standard Model
In the Sun there exist large-scale magnetic fields that catalyze an additional axionlike particles (ALPs) production via a coherent conversion of thermal photons. We study this contribution to the solar ALP emissivity, typically neglected in previous investigations
Where D⊙ 1⁄4 1.49 × 1011 m is the Earth-Sun distance, Γparod is the ALP production rate expressed by Eq (26), the factor g is the number of the photon polarization states (g 1⁄4 1 for longitudinal plasmon (LP) and g 1⁄4 2 for transverse photons (TP)), and the integral is performed over the photon momenta k and over the solar volume
Summary
Axionlike particles (ALPs) are ultralight pseudoscalar bosons a with a two-photon vertex aγγ, predicted by several extensions of the Standard Model (see [1,2] for comprehensive reviews). Even though in the Standard Solar Models (SSMs) [13,14] the Sun is assumed as a quasistatic environment, seismic solar models have been developed including large-scale magnetic fields in different regions of the solar interior [15,16] The presence of these B fields may trigger conversions of the thermal photons into ALPs, creating an additional ALP flux besides the one produced by the Primakoff conversions. Follows Appendix A, where we give details of the calculation of conversion probabilities into ALPs for transverse and longitudinal photons; Appendix B, where we describe the solution of the ALP-photon kinetic equations; and Appendix C, where we present the thermal field theory approach. We show that the kinetic and the thermal field theory approach lead to the same ALP production rates
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