Abstract
Calophyllum brasiliense (Cambes) produces calanolide secondary metabolites that are active against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. In this study, it was demonstrated that plant tissue culture is a useful technique for producing these metabolites. Different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators were tested in leaf and seed explants to establish callus cultures capable of producing calanolides. Highest callus induction (100%) was achieved when seed explants were incubated in a medium consisting of 8.88 μM 6-benzyladenine and 20 μM picloram. Highest callus induction (80.67%) was observed when leaf explants were incubated on a medium consisting of 0.46 μM kinetin and 5.37 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid. High-performance liquid chromatography quantitative analysis revealed higher calanolide B and calanolide C production in calluses from seed explants than those developed from leaves (309.25 vs. 8.70 mg kg−1 for calanolide B; 117.70 vs. 0.0 mg kg−1 for calanolide C).
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