Abstract
Based on the distant hybridization derived from Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (bighead carp, BIC, 2n = 48) (♀) × Megalobrama amblycephala (blunt snout bream, BSB, 2n = 48) (♂), we obtained a novel hybrid (BB) in this study. We comparatively investigated the morphological traits, chromosome numbers, DNA contents, microsatellite patterns, and DNA variations in 5S rDNA and Hox genes. The chromosome and flow cytometer results indicated that BB was a diploid hybrid with 48 chromosomes. We confirmed successful hybridization with microsatellite DNA markers and analyzed the Hox gene family in the parental and hybrid lines. The sequences of 5S rDNA in BB mapped to those in BIC and BSB, indicating that the genetic materials of BB were derived from BIC and BSB. The breeding experiment showed that BB had the characteristics of herbivore and fast growth. This diploid hybrid is of great significance for fish genetic breeding and applied research.
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