Production cross sections of the superheavy nucleus 117 based on the dinuclear system model

Abstract

Within the framework of the dinuclear system model, the capture of two colliding nuclei, and the formation and de-excitation process of a compound nucleus are described by using an empirical coupled channel model, solving the master equation numerically and the statistical evaporation model, respectively. In the process of heavy-ion capture and fusion to synthesize superheavy nuclei, the barrier distribution function is introduced and averaging collision orientations are considered. Based on this model, the production cross sections of the cold fusion system 76–82Se+209Bi and the hot fusion systems 55Mn+238U, 51V+244Pu, 59Co+232Th,48Ca+247–249 Bk and 45Sc+246–248 Cm are calculated. The isotopic dependence of the largest production cross sections is analyzed briefly, and the optimal projectile-target combination and excitation energy of the 1n-4n evaporation channels are proposed. It is shown that the hot fusion systems 48Ca+247–249 Bk in the 3n evaporation channels and 45Sc+248Cm in the 2n-4n channels are optimal for synthesizing the superheavy element 117.