Abstract
Proper management of brackish water can increase plant production in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production performance and water use efficiency of two peanut genotypes irrigated with brackish water during the reproductive stage, in soil with and without soil cover. The study was conducted in a greenhouse. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with four replicates, in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme (two electrical conductivities of irrigation water - ECw 0.9 and 5.0 dS m-1, two peanut genotypes - AC 130 and cv. BR1, and the presence or absence of soil cover). At 72 days after sowing, harvest was performed and the following variables were evaluated: number of marketable pods, number of non-marketable pods, pod mass, diameter and length, production and water use efficiency. Salinity impacted production more than the water use efficiency in the two peanut genotypes, with the relative reduction in production being higher in cv. BR-1. Soil cover with dead plant material mitigated the effects of salinity on production and increased water use efficiency, only in genotype AC 130.
Highlights
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an oilseed crop of wide utilization as food, with high importance both in the socioeconomic sphere and in the food field in Brazil, and in the world (SANTOS et al, 2012b; SÁ et al, 2020)
It was verified from the analysis of variance (Table 3) that there was triple interaction (p
BR-1 showed a lower number of non-marketable pods, which may be related to the improvement made in this cultivar for the tropical semi-arid region
Summary
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an oilseed crop of wide utilization as food, with high importance both in the socioeconomic sphere and in the food field in Brazil, and in the world (SANTOS et al, 2012b; SÁ et al, 2020). According to an estimate by the National Supply Company (CONAB, 2020), the average yield of the peanut crop in Brazil, in 2020, was 3,564 kg ha-1. For its production to become feasible, factors that favor the production potential of the crop are necessary, such as quantitative and qualitative irrigation management. Most of its water sources have a high salt content, which may impact soil and crop yield (HOLANDA et al, 2016). The salinity of irrigation water is one of the main abiotic constraints in global food production, and its effects are critical in semi-arid and arid regions (MINHAS et al, 2020). The direct and indirect effects of salinity lead to stomatal closure, reduction in transpiration and photosynthesis rates (SÁ et al, 2018), favoring the reduction of crop quality and yield (ZHANG, 2015)
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