Abstract
Opium poppy has been cultivated in India since the 10th century and used as remedies for a variety of ailments. After Independence, the Indian government has taken control on its production and usage. Licit cultivation of opium for medicinal purposes is carried out in India only in selected areas under strict licensing policy. India is one of the world's top producers of licit opium and is the sole producer of licit opium latex. To meet India's share of anticipated world demand, the India government set a licit opium harvest target of 1200 tons. At present Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh of India are promoting licensed cultivation under the control of Central Bureau of Narcotics (CBN). The average opium latex yields in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh are 53.82, 55.79 and 44.77 kg/ha, respectively. As per CBN report, 603 poppy growers covering 213.69 ha of total sown area were given license to grow poppy with targeted minimum qualifying yields of 52.0 kg/ha. Based on discussion with poppy growers, an average yield of opium latex produces 25 kg, opium seeds (posta dana) 400 kg and fruit scalps 400 kg per acre basis with the cost of cultivation of Rs. 25000 and net profit of rupees one lakh.
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