Production and ratios of heavy hadrons from large to small collision systems with a coalescence plus fragmentation approach

Abstract

The $\Lambda_c/D^0$ ratio observed in AA collision at RHIC and LHC energies has a value of the order of the unity. The recent experimental measurements in pp collisions have shown a ratio of $\Lambda_c/D^0 \sim 0.6$, about one order of magnitude larger than that measured in $e^+e^{-}$, $ep$ collisions. We study the hadronization after the propagation of charm quarks in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The propagation is described by means of a relativistic Boltzmann transport approach where the non-perturbative interaction between heavy quarks and light quarks is described by means of a quasi-particle approach. Using a coalescence plus fragmentation model for the hadronization we found in heavy-ion collision a large $\Lambda_c$ production resulting in a baryon over meson ratio of order $O(1)$. Furthermore we present results for these ratios in pp collisions at top LHC energies assuming the formation of an hot QCD matter at finite temperature. We calculate the heavy baryon/meson ratio and the pT spectra of charmed hadrons with and without strangeness content: $D^0$, $D_s$, $\Lambda_c$, $\Sigma_c$ and the recently measured $\Xi_c$ baryon, finding an enhancement in comparison with the ratio observed for $e^+e^−$, $ep$ collisions; moreover with this approach we predict also a significant production of $\Omega_c$ respect to $D^0$.