Abstract
Chrysanthemum can be grown for cutting or as a pot plant year-round, providing a constant production flow. In Brazil, little is known about mineral nutrition and fertilization for this crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production and quality of chrysanthemum varieties cultivated in pots with different NPK rates. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with the NPK rates (10-10-10) of 3 g L-1, 6 g L-1 and 9 g L-1 and chrysanthemum varieties Sheena, Calabria and Indianapolis. Pots of 1.2 L capacity were filled with substrate and placed three cuttings per pot kept in a fog chamber under long days. After 21 days, apical pruning was done and started the short-day period. After flowering induction, short days were suspended. It was realized analysis of variance and it was noticed that stem length and EC were affected by NPK rates. It was observed an inverse relation between the increase in NPK rate and cultivation cycle, resulting in precocity of flowering for all varieties. Plants cultivated under 9 g L-1 rate did not present toxicity symptoms, suggesting that this dose was more adequate for the production of pot plants for all three varieties.
Highlights
Commercial floriculture represents one of the most promising segments of contemporary Brazilian agribusiness
Three cuttings coming from chrysanthemum plants of Floriculture Sector were stuck in the substrate and pots were placed in a fog chamber with irrigation frequency of six seconds at every 20 minutes under long days with incandescent bulbs of 60 w m-2 in the period from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m
With increase in NPK rate varieties Sheena and Indianapolis had similar cycles, which were later than variety Calabria
Summary
Commercial floriculture represents one of the most promising segments of contemporary Brazilian agribusiness. Chrysanthemum has a prominent place among the most cultivated species in Brazil and in the world due to its beauty, color diversity, durability of inflorescences and for being a relatively easy-to-grow plant. It is sensitive to photoperiod, being classified as a short-day plant, with a 13-hour critical photoperiod (BARBOSA, 2003; FERNANDES et al, 2012; MENEGAES et al, 2017) allowing the control of its flowering. It can be cultivated for cut flower or as pot plant. There are certain market requirements such as harmony between plant height and pot height and uniform filling
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