Production and Partial Characterization of α-Amylase Enzyme from Bacillus sp. BCC 01-50 and Potential Applications.

Altaf Ahmed Simair,Changrui Lu,Imrana Khushk,Chaudhry Haider Ali,Abdul Sattar Qureshi,Safia Lashari,Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto,Ghulam Sughra Mangrio

doi:10.1155/2017/9173040

Abstract

Amylase is an industrially important enzyme and applied in many industrial processes such as saccharification of starchy materials, food, pharmaceutical, detergent, and textile industries. This research work deals with the optimization of fermentation conditions for α-amylase production from thermophilic bacterial strain Bacillus sp. BCC 01-50 and characterization of crude amylase. The time profile of bacterial growth and amylase production was investigated in synthetic medium and maximum enzyme titer was observed after 60 h. In addition, effects of different carbon sources were tested as a substrate for amylase production and molasses was found to be the best. Various organic and inorganic compounds, potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate, urea, yeast extract, tryptone, beef extract, and peptone, were used and beef extract was found to be the best among the nitrogen sources used. Temperature, pH, agitation speed, and size of inoculum were also optimized. Highest enzyme activity was obtained when the strain was cultured in molasses medium for 60 h in shaking incubator (150 rpm) at 50°C and pH 8. Crude amylase showed maximal activity at pH 9 and 65°C. Enzyme remained stable in alkaline pH range 9-10 and 60–70°C. Crude amylase showed great potential for its application in detergent industry and saccharification of starchy materials.

Highlights

Amylase hydrolyzes the starch molecules in dextrin, maltose, and glucose units
Results obtained are more promising for the inexpensive production of amylase by using agroindustrial residue as cost-effective carbon source for biotechnological applications
The results of this study clearly indicate the industrially important characteristic alkaliphilic nature of the enzyme and it makes suitable additive. pH stability of crude amylase could be compared with Bacillus methylotrophicus strain P11-2 [24]

Summary

Introduction

Amylase hydrolyzes the starch molecules in dextrin, maltose, and glucose units. The enzymes are of industrial importance due to their commercial applications in starch liquefaction, paper, desizing of textile fabrics, preparing starch coatings of paints, removing wallpaper, brewing industry, sugar induction by the production of sugar syrups, pharmaceuticals, and preparing cold water dispersible laundry They can be produced by micro- and macroorganisms [1]. Saccharification is performed at elevated temperature and thermophilic microorganisms could be most promising candidates for amylase production because these strains will produce thermostable amylase. This is why, still, search for novel microbial strains is continued to fulfill industrial demands of enzymes. Amylase production was carried out by using various agroindustrial residues including rice husk, wheat straw, and rice straw as cost-effective carbon sources. Results obtained are more promising for the inexpensive production of amylase by using agroindustrial residue as cost-effective carbon source for biotechnological applications

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusion