Production and Molecular Identification of Interspecific Hybrids between Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and Phaius tankervilliae (Banks) Blume

Tasanai Punjansing,Phithak Inthima,Maliwan Nakkuntod,Somjit Homchan,Anupan Kongbangkerd

doi:10.3390/agriculture11040306

Tasanai Punjansing, Phithak Inthima + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040306

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Journal: Agriculture	Publication Date: Apr 1, 2021
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Naresuan University

Abstract

This study aimed at assessing the hybridization feasibility and evaluating genetic fidelity of the hybrid seedlings originated from Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and P. tankervilliae (Banks) Blume. Intra- and interspecific hybridization between Phaiusmishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and P. tankervilliae (Banks) Blume were examined to establish the primary hybrid, observe their cross ability and identify the F1 hybrids using sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Self-incompatibility and cross ability of P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae were tested before starting the breeding program. Results showed that they were self-compatible orchids. The interspecific hybridization between P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae was achieved with the highest pod setting (80%), seed germination percentage (94.8%) and the rate of protocorm development into mature seedlings (stage 6) (10.6%), but the smallest size of embryo with width 46.5 μm, length 67.3 μm was also observed when P. mishmensis was taken as the female parent. A comparative study on leaf morphology and anatomy of plantlets regenerated from intra- and interspecific hybrids of P.mishmensis and P. tankervilliae showed a transitional character to the parental species. Herein, the presence of interspecific hybrids between P.mishmensis and P. tankervilliae, as well as their reciprocal cross, was verified using Pmis524 SCAR markers developed by the decamer primer.

Highlights

Orchidaceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants, with 26,000 species comprising up to 10% of all angiosperms, including five subfamilies and approximately 750 recognized genera
To test for self-incompatibility, the intraspecific hybridization process was done in P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae
Characteristics of hybrid seeds obtained from both intra- and interspecific cross-pollination of P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae indicated different performances

Summary

Introduction

Orchidaceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants, with 26,000 species comprising up to 10% of all angiosperms, including five subfamilies and approximately 750 recognized genera. The Phaius species, especially P. mishmensis, is being over-collected from natural habitats for commercial purposes because of its attractive floricultural characteristics. This species is currently listed as rare in nature, with a rapid decrease in plant numbers and risk of extinction [5]. Natural propagation of orchids via symbiotic seed germination using mycorrhizal association is time-consuming and produces a low number of new plants [6]. The Phaius is generally propagated by stem cutting and clump division These conventional propagation techniques are still producing a low number of new plants. Because of the potential demand for commercialization, the Calanthe group has been continuously improved, with new varieties developed through intraspecific, interspecific, and intergeneric cross-pollination breeding programs. Hybridization success was determined using molecular SCAR markers to describe their differences between parental plant and their hybrids and determine their putative interspecific hybrids

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