Abstract
Background and objectiveThe main objective of the present study was production of xylanase from different agricultural wastes using Chaetomium globosum on pomegranate waste, isolation of fungi associated with some legumes seeds, and studied the effect of safe product which obtained from xylanse under laboratory and greenhouse conditions on bean seeds.Results and discussionDifferent agricultural wastes were tested for xylanase production by Ch. globosum; from them, pomegranate peel was most effective at concentration 40 g/l using 2 disks 6 mm in diameter after 7-day incubation period produces 1398.34 U/ml. Addition of calcium chloride increases xylanase activity to 1469.40 U/ml. The crude xylanase activity was active after 20 min of starting of reaction at 6.6 pH, and 40 °C of the reaction mixture produces 1587.27 U/ml. Xylanse is still active at 40 °C for 30 min. Seeds of some legumes were examined for seed borne mycoflora by the agar plate method. The most common fungi were Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, and Macrophomina phaseolina.Testing of crude xylanase as biocide was more effective in reduction of linear growth of some pathogenic fungi also applied the biocide as seed treatment of bean. Seed coating with biocide gave significant protection to emerge bean seeds against invasion of pathogenic fungi at the pre-emergence stage. Seed coating recorded more than 50% protection compared with the untreated control.ConclusionProduction of xylanase from pomegranate peel wastes using Chaetomium globosum under optimum conditions. Testing crude xylanase after optimization as an effective biocide.
Highlights
Xylan (E.C.2.8.1.8) is one of the major hemicellulose components of plant cell wall consist of backbone of β-14linked xylopyranose residues with branches containing arabino-furanosyl, acetyl, and glucuronosyl residues
Different pomegranate peels (Pp) concentrations The results in Fig. 2 showed that xylanase activity increases by increasing Pp concentrations till reached 40 g/l which was the most suitable concentration producing 1398.34 U/ml followed by 50 g/l producing 1286.01 U/ml 60 g/l producing 1280.01 U/ml
Different incubation periods The results recorded in Fig. 4 showed that 7-day incubation period was the most suitable for xylanase production producing 1401.13 U/ml followed by 5-day incubation period producing 1398.34 U/ml
Summary
Xylan (E.C.2.8.1.8) is one of the major hemicellulose components of plant cell wall consist of backbone of β-14linked xylopyranose residues with branches containing arabino-furanosyl, acetyl, and glucuronosyl residues. The production of the enzyme xylanase can be used for industrial applications, commercial purposes including chlorine free bleaching of the wood pulp prior to papermaking, food additives in Atalla and Gamal Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2020) 44:104 poultry and in wheat flour for increasing the quality of baked products and improving the handling of dough, and for the extraction of coffee, extraction of starch and plant oils and considered important as they contain large amount hemicelluloses and serve as inducers for the production of enzymes such as xylanases which led to the development of bioprocesses for the effective use of agro wastes (Shabeena et al 2017; Nitin et al 2017; ElMohamedy et al 2018 ;Atalla et al 2019). Some of which are seed transmitted, often reduce the germination ability or kill the infected plants or substantially reduce the productive. Some of these fungi produce aflatoxins which damage the liver and induce carcinogenic, mutagenic. The main objective of the present study was production of xylanase from different agricultural wastes using Chaetomium globosum on pomegranate waste, isolation of fungi associated with some legumes seeds, and studied the effect of safe product which obtained from xylanse under laboratory and greenhouse conditions on bean seeds
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