Producing of linoleum with improved physical and mechanical properties

Abstract

A characteristic feature of the development of various areas of the industry is currently ongoing displacement of traditional metallic materials by plastics. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) takes one of the leading positions. One of the reasons of extremely rapid growth of PVC production is the fact that there is not another polymer, which could be subjected to such modification varied as it is done with polyvinyl chloride. It is caused by development of technological processes of production, increase of level of development of the equipment for polyvinyl chloride production, quality of raw materials and application of new compositions for achievement of necessary consumer properties of products. The uniqueness of PVC is that according on the production method, formulation and processing technology it provides a large range of polymer materials and products having different properties. For making articles elastic and for simplification of processing of polyvinyl chloride it usually plasticize, thus the content of softener reaches 40%.The most widespread of them are di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate. Plasticizers diethylhexyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate are used for plasticizing cable flexible PVC, linoleum, plastic construction profiles, decorative materials, artificial leather, technical films, products for food, medical and paint industries. However, the most widespread of all other industrial plasticizers dioctylphthalate relatively expensive and deficient. More affordable dibutyl phthalate has high volatility, which prevents its wide application. Therefore, despite the rather large range of plasticizers, their number is insufficient to meet the needs of modern industry. In this regard, the investigation of new plasticizers for PVC materials compositions is relevant and practically significant problem. This paper presents the research of preparation methods and physicochemical properties of oxyalkylated alcohols (butanol, 2- ethylhexanol and phenol) and phthalates on their basis, as well as test results alkoxylated alcohols phthalates as plasticisers in PVC compounding the top layer of linoleum. It is noted that the polymer compositions have a high melt flow values. As showed the conducted researches, PVC formulations of the upper layer of linoleum that we developed with the addition of plasticizers , meet the requirements of existing standards by all indicators, while using butoxylalkylphenoxyalkylphthalate indicators such as petrol – resistance, % (1,25-1,53) and oil resistance, % (10,2-10,8), even superior to standard samples. Akoxylated alcohols based phthalates are potential PVC plasticizers.