Abstract
Background: Main clinical symptoms of Neuroborreliosis (NB) are painful meningopolyradiculitis, cranial neuritis or meningitis preceded by erythema migrans. However, due to high variability or atypical presentation of clinical symptoms diagnosis of NB can be difficult. The definitive diagnosis of acute NB requires the presence of a lymphomonocytic CSF pleocytosis and intrathecal B. burgdorferi (B.b.) specific antibody production (specific antibody index (AI) >1.5). However, positive AI is sometimes absent in early stages of the disease (up to 20%). Recent studies suggested an important role of a new biomarker CXCL13, a B-cell-attracting chemokine, in early NB. CXCL13 was found to be highly positive in initial CSF samples of patients with NB and therefore qualified as a valuable marker for early diagnosis and initiation of antibiotic therapy.
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