PROCESSO ESTILOIDE ALONGADO NAS RADIOGRAFIAS PANORÂMICAS EM UMA SUBPOPULAÇÃO

Pedro Luiz De Carvalho,João Marcelo Ferreira De Medeiros,Kunihiro Saito,Antônio Martins Do Amaral Neto,Wagner Almeida De Andrade,Larissa Victória Barbosa Freitas

doi:10.46311/2318-0579.58.euj3940

Abstract

Styloid process elongation associated with symptoms such as cervicofacial pain, tinnitus and otalgia is called Eagle Syndrome. The objective of this study is to assess the presence of elongated styloid process through panoramic radiographs, in a subpopulation of the State of Para, Brazil, as to age and sex. Panoramic radiographs were selected and the apparent size of the styloid process was measured from the point where the styloid leaves the tympanic plate to the lower tip of the process. Data were analyzed by means of chi-square tests and the “t” test with a significance level of 5%. Forty-three percent of all elongated styloid processes were observed in patients aged between 18 and 35 years old. Of these styloid processes measuring more than 30 mm, there were 815 that showed a Type I elongation pattern, being 98 that showed a Type II calcification pattern and 92 showed a Type III calcification pattern. It is concluded that the Type I elongated styloid process was the most frequent, but no statistically significant correlation was found between the presence of the elongated styloid process and the studied variables.

Highlights

Styloid process is a bony projection of the petrous part of the temporal bone, projecting downward, forward, and slightly medially
The length of the styloid process has been studied in several modalities of imaging exams, such as: panoramic radiography, lateral cephalometric (ANDRADE et al, 2012), anteroposterior cranial teleradiography, and computed tomography, for instance (NATSIS et al, 2015)
The use of panoramic radiographs is deemed an important diagnostic tool for styloid process elongation (MORE; ASRANI, 2010), as it is a simple procedure in obtainment, routinely used in Dentistry, and provides an overview of the maxillomandibular complex (GUIMARÃES et al, 2010)

Summary

Introduction

Styloid process is a bony projection of the petrous part of the temporal bone, projecting downward, forward, and slightly medially. Several of the symptoms attributed to an elongated styloid process are common clinical manifestations of temporomandibular joint disorders and, because of this overlap, there is always a potential for misdiagnosis (ZAKI et al, 1996). Especially when swallowing, turning the head or opening the mouth, dysphagia, otalgia, headache and dizziness have been associated with elongated styloid processes or mineralized stylohyoid ligaments (CORRELL et al, 1979). The length of the styloid process has been studied in several modalities of imaging exams, such as: panoramic radiography, lateral cephalometric (ANDRADE et al, 2012), anteroposterior cranial teleradiography, and computed tomography, for instance (NATSIS et al, 2015). In the Brazilian population, most studies carried out to assess the length of the styloid process used panoramic radiographs. Among the studies already conducted with the employment of panoramic radiographs, the Southeastern region of Brazil (SCAF et al, 2003; RIZZATTI-BARBOSA et al, 2005; GUIMARÃES et al, 2010; VIEIRA et al, 2018) is the one that has more studies on the subject, followed by the South (ROVANI et al, 2004; TAVARES et al, 2007), the Northeast (LINS et al, 2015) and the Mid-West (VIEIRA et al, 2015)

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