Processing robust lithium metal anode for high-security batteries: A minireview

Abstract

Rechargeable batteries based on metallic lithium chemistry are promising for next-generation energy storage due to their ultrahigh capacity and energy densities. However, the complex preparation process, poor thermal tolerance, and low structure strength of lithium anode seriously hinder the widespread adoption of high-security and energy-dense lithium metal batteries in today and the future. Developing robust lithium anodes will improve battery safety as well as reduce battery production costs. In this review, we critically discuss the current status of research on robust lithium metal anode processing from the perspectives of air/water stability, thermal stability, and the tolerance for external forces; summarize recent strategies to fabricate a robust lithium metal anode with specific emphasis on the side effect on the energy density of lithium during the robust anode preparation process. Finally, we proposed the future trends and challenges of the design and fabrication of robust lithium anode and prospects toward the broad application of robust lithium anode in next-generation batteries.