Abstract
High-grade zeolite nanocomposites are synthesized utilizing solid by-products from combustion of coal for energy production in Thermal Power Plants applying alkaline aging, hydrothermal and fusion-hydrothermal activation procedures. The obtained coal ash zeolites were studied with respect to their chemical and phase composition, morphology, surface parameters and thermal properties. It was found that they are distinguished in nanocrystalline morphology and significant content of iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3, α-Fe2O3, γ-Fe3O4) and doping elements (Cu, Co, Mn, V, W, etc.) transferred from the raw coal ash, and therefore they are assumed as nanocomposites. Coal fly ash zeolite nanocomposites are characterized by a mixed micro-mesoporous texture, significant concentration of acidic Brønsted centers due to their high surface insaturation, high chemical and thermal stabilty. This unique combination of compositional and textural properties predetermines the application of these materials as catalysts for thermal oxidation processes, anticorrosion barrier coatings, carbon capture adsorbents, matrices for hosting functional groups, detergents etc. Examples for coal fly ash zeolite applications for substitution of critical raw materials in practice are provided.
Highlights
The era of coal energy production has not passed, despite the progress of the renewable energy technologies due to the sustainability and scale of energy production
The present paper summarizes the best our achievements on the zeolitization of coal fly ash and provides results on the characterization of zeolite nanocomposite samples with potential use in critical raw materials (CRMs) substitution
Coal fly ash (CFA) and CFAZ nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) regarding their morphology
Summary
The era of coal energy production has not passed, despite the progress of the renewable energy technologies due to the sustainability and scale of energy production. Coal fly ash (CFA) is mainly utilized for production of blended cement, as a concrete addition, in concrete blocks, and in road construction. Large amounts of fly ash are landfilled in EU or used for low-value applications because of the lack of sufficient developments to utilize smartly this abundant resource of raw materials which useful potential is not fully discovered yet. The development of substitutes is a very big challenge because of the unique properties of CRMs [16,17] Due to their thermal stability, resistance to chemicals, radiation and oxidation, lack of corrosion and the absence of disposal problems because of their harmlessness and environmental compatibility, zeolites could be preferable materials to replace successfully some critical raw materials in catalysts, coatings and detergents [18]. The present paper summarizes the best our achievements on the zeolitization of coal fly ash and provides results on the characterization of zeolite nanocomposite samples with potential use in CRMs substitution
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