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Abstract
The chemokine stromal-cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) chemoattracts lymphocytes and CD34 + haematopoietic progenitors and is the ligand for CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4), the main co-receptor for T-tropic HIV-1 strains. SDF-1α was NH 2-terminally cleaved to SDF-1α(3-68) by dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (CD26/DPP IV), which is present in blood in soluble and membrane-bound form. SDF-1α(3-68) lost both lymphocyte chemotactic and CXCR4-signaling properties. However, SDF-1α(3-68) still desensitized the SDF-1α(1-68)-induced Ca 2+ response. In contrast to CD26/DPP IV-processed RANTES(3-68), SDF-1α(3-68) had diminished potency to inhibit HIV-1 infection. Thus, CD26/DPP IV impairs the inflammatory and haematopoietic potency of chemokines but plays a dual role in AIDS.
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