Abstract
A Seismic Alert System (SAS), also called Earthquake Warning System (EWS) or Earthquake Early Warning System (EEW or EEWS), represents one of the most important measures that can be taken to prevent and minimize earthquake damage. These systems are mainly used to detect P-waves and the faster seismic waves and to subsequently trigger an alarm about the incoming S-waves, the slower and most dangerous seismic waves. In some cases, distributed systems are also able to alert some locations before the impending P-waves strike them. This paper presents Earthcloud, a cloud-based SAS that aims to provide all the former capabilities while retaining financial accessibility. Earthcloud first results, generated from four months of data acquisition, are compared with those coming from other systems. In particular, the paper focuses on processing and communication delays, showing how the Earthcloud new detection strategy may minimize delays. Although a thorough test campaign with more sensor nodes is needed to assess performance reliably, especially for highly dense urban scenarios, initial results are promising, with total latencies for Earthcloud always kept under the 1-second mark, despite being at the expense of solid magnitude estimation.
Highlights
Due to the relatively fast propagation of earthquake waves, it is only possible to receive alerts from Seismic Alert System (SAS) in a timeframe that goes from a few seconds to tens of seconds before the strike
This paper presents the second iteration of Earthcloud, an Internet of Things (IoT) SAS designed to be low-cost, low-power, and cloud-based
Soon after the system went operative, a small yet noticeable earthquake hit with a 14 km-deep hypocenter and an epicenter located approximately 60 km in a straight line from where sensor devices were deployed
Summary
Due to the relatively fast propagation of earthquake waves, it is only possible to receive alerts from SASs in a timeframe that goes from a few seconds to tens of seconds before the strike They can potentially yield very significant benefits. Even if only seconds before the arrival of destructive waves, can prevent human losses, injuries, and damage to machinery and infrastructures. It can trigger the enforcement of a previously approved emergency plan that people can consist in moving away from hazardous equipment, taking cover under desks or load-bearing structures, etc.
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