Abstract
Microbial cellulases are the enzymes widely studied due to their enormous applications in biochemical industry. Among 12 fungal isolates isolated from mangrove plant debris and soil sample collected from Valanthakad Mangroves, Kerala, India, 3 of them were found to exhibit cellulolytic activity. Among them, the most potent isolate which exhibited maximum cellulolytic activity was identified as Trichoderma viride VKF3 [Gene bank accession number- JX683684.1] based on colony morphology, microscopic observation and molecular centeracterization using D1/D2 region amplification. The isolate T. viride VKF3 was found to be non-phytopathogenic against the selected plants. Neighbour joining tree depicted its least divergence rate from the root taxon HM466686.1. T. viride VKF3 was grown under dynamic carbon, nitrogen sources, pH and temperature of the medium to draw out the optimum conditions for cellulase production. Protein stability kinetics and biomass production was also studied upto 11th day of incubation. It was evident from the study, that dextrose and beef extract could be used as major carbon and nitrogen sources in submerged fermentation at pH 9.0 and incubation temperature of 25°C to get maximum CMCase yield. Optimum enzyme recovery period was identified between 5th to 9th days of incubation beyond which the enzyme activity was reduced. By comparing two fermentation methods, submerged fermentation was found to be the best for maximum enzyme production. But utilization of substrates like sugarcane bagasse and cassava starch waste in the SSF offers a better scope in biodegradation of solid waste contributing to solid waste management.
Highlights
Fungi isolated from mangrove habitats are known to be potential candidates for production of various industrially important enzymes and bio-active secondary metabolites
The present study focuses on the optimization of various parameters for cellulase enzyme production using T. viride VKF3, a mangrove isolate under submerged fermentation
Cellulase obtained from Trichoderma viride was used for saccharification of waste paper materials resulting in sugar end-products (Van Wyk and Mamabolo 2013)
Summary
Fungi isolated from mangrove habitats are known to be potential candidates for production of various industrially important enzymes and bio-active secondary metabolites. These enzymes are mostly ligno-cellulolytic in nature to attain their energy sources. Cellulase is a complex of three types of enzymatic complexes namely endoglucanase called carboxymethyl cellulase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase (Iqbal et al 2011) It is a major enzyme used in the saccharification of many natural substrates for production of bio-fuels. In spite of extensive study on agroresidues as solid substrates, there was no concern regarding the amount of solid waste produced after enzyme production This extends its application to convert solid waste into useful bio-products for commercial application thereby contributing towards solid waste management strategies
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