Process of urbanization and urban occupation and its environmental, social and economic impacts

Abstract

Urbanization in Brazil has been carried out in a disorderly manner, as a result of which urban occupation has generated several environmental, social and economic impacts. With the uncontrolled urban expansion, it is observed the creation of communities, originally called favelas, built without observing the existing legislation, often built in prohibited areas, without an environmental impact study. Some public urbanization projects, whose main purpose is to create housing units, do not consider important situations such as location, ways of accessing schools, urban centers, which would require social and environmental planning, and immediately generate difficulties for the population involved, thus diverging from the social development goals of United Nations, especially the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11, aimed at sustainable cities and communities. It is proposed to analyze the process of urbanization and urban occupation and its environmental, social and economic impacts, using as methodological strategies bibliographical and doctrinal research related to the theme. It was intended to provide public authorities with scientific content to support the reassessment of their master plans and other legislation, aimed at subdivision and land use, allowing an efficient confrontation of social, environmental and economic issues, as well as compliance with legislation and constitutional guarantees to its citizens.