Abstract
Waste gases that cannot be released into the environment are generated in chemical industrial processes. There are various physico-chemical processes for the treatment of these gases, but in most cases, they present a major cost to the company. There is an EU directive for each industrial area describing the best available techniques (BAT) and the prescribed environmental limits for the maximum discharge of dangerous substances into the environment. The current process for the removal of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds from waste industrial gases meets EU environmental regulations. However, expected new EU directives will require a significant reduction in formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds’ concentrations in industrial exhaust gases, thus necessitating a new technical solution for the removal of formaldehyde. This paper describes two methods of removing formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds from waste gases, generated by the metal oxide catalyst formaldehyde production processes. The first method involves upgrading existing processes of removing formaldehyde from waste gases with an additional absorption plant, with which emissions can be significantly reduced. The second method describes the co-incineration of waste gases generated by a metal oxide catalyst formaldehyde production process with natural gas in a gas turbine, where formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds are completely removed, while electricity is also produced. The second method is also useful for removing various concentrations of volatile organic compounds from waste gases generated in chemical industrial processes.
Highlights
Formalin, an aqueous solution of formaldehyde, is one of the most important base products in the production of high-volume products in the chemical industry [1]
The current process of removing formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste gas produced by metal oxide catalyst formaldehyde production processes will no longer meet the expected new EU environmental directives
A study of possible new technical solutions was conducted to significantly reduce the concentration of formaldehyde and VOCs in the waste gases generated by the formaldehyde production process with metal oxide
Summary
An aqueous solution of formaldehyde, is one of the most important base products in the production of high-volume products in the chemical industry [1]. The transport costs for formaldehyde aqueous solutions are very high because of the relatively high proportion of water in the product. Formaldehyde is usually used or processed at the site of production [2]. Taking into consideration the constant increases in energy expenses in the production of such a high volume of formaldehyde aqueous solutions, an optimal way of increasing efficiency is the use of by-product energy, based on energy released in the process, and on off-gases from the production of formaldehyde from methanol [3]. Energy management has become a very important branch of research in the chemical process industry [4]. New developments include trends toward annual emission coupon distribution affects, limiting time-related components in decision making, and executing the transition to processes based upon the latest technologies
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