Abstract
Wood processing industries have continuously developed and improved technologies and processes to transform wood to obtain better final product quality and thus increase profits. Abrasive machining is one of the most important of these processes and therefore merits special attention and study. The objective of this work was to evaluate and demonstrate a process monitoring system for use in the abrasive machining of wood and wood based products. The system developed increases the life of the belt by detecting (using process monitoring sensors) and removing (by cleaning) the abrasive loading during the machining process. This study focused on abrasive belt machining processes and included substantial background work, which provided a solid base for understanding the behavior of the abrasive, and the different ways that the abrasive machining process can be monitored. In addition, the background research showed that abrasive belts can effectively be cleaned by the appropriate cleaning technique. The process monitoring system developed included acoustic emission sensors which tended to be sensitive to belt wear, as well as platen vibration, but not loading, and optical sensors which were sensitive to abrasive loading.
Highlights
Abrasive machining is one of the most expensive processes in wood processing industries and merits special attention and study
Results showed the evaluation of acoustic emissions (AEs) sensors indicating that these sensors could be used effectively to monitor abrasive belt life
It is important to note that the selection of the appropriate frequency band of the AE signal for monitoring the abrasive machining process was a critical consideration and was determined with a wide range acoustic emission sensor
Summary
Abrasive machining is one of the most expensive processes in wood processing industries and merits special attention and study. Other studies done by Saloni [3] showed that material removal rate was always higher when an aluminum oxide abrasive belt was used, sometimes nearly twice as high as other abrasive minerals. It was found a correlation between the most critically controllable variables (interface pressure, wood species, rotational speed, grit size and abrasive mineral) in abrasive machining and the three main outputs: material removal rate, surface quality and power consumption. Multiple linear regressions described the general process and the effect of the variables on the outputs; large variability in surface quality and material removal rates were observed which demonstrated the complexity of the characterization [3]
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