Abstract

Seizing assets through civil legal processes is a recent arrival to the set of contemporary tools focused on tackling crime through an assault on its financial underpinnings. Together with money laundering regulation and criminal confiscation, the reliance on civil instruments has become increasingly common, a popularity chiefly due to the replacement in forfeiture processes of the criminal standard of proof with the less exacting civil standard of a balance of probabilities.A federalist state, Canada currently has eight provincial variants of this civil approach to criminal finance. Organized principally around the Manitoba model, this chapter offers a critical analysis of the structure of Canada’s reliance on civil legal processes to undermine the financial dimension of crime.

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