Abstract
The regular rates of decay for unstable radioactive elements were found to constitute a virtual clocks within a material they are found to be component. Some water molecules are found to be radioactive due to the increase of tritium in the atmosphere. Tritium concentration in groundwater reflect atmospheric tritium levels when the water was last in contact with the atmosphere, therefore, any measurable tritium concentrations in groundwater system provides clear evidence of recharge occurring into the system during the last four decades. Since 1970s, the atmospheric tritium concentration has decreased. Thus, the presence of excess tritium in groundwater indicates recharge on a time scale of approximately 60 years. Samples are collected along with geographical coordinate of the sampling point. The samples are collected from precipitation, surface water and groundwater which undergo three stages of tritium analysis viz: Screening, Tritium enrichment (Electrolysis) and Scintillation counting. Tritium activity AB in (Bq/Kg) and tritium concentration AT in (TU) are related as:
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